Cardinal Signs and Symptoms of Pulmonary Tuberculosis
Pulmonary tuberculosis (TB) is a contagious bacterial infection that primarily affects the lungs. It is caused by the bacterium Mycobacterium tuberculosis. While TB can affect other parts of the body, pulmonary TB is the most common form. The infection is spread through the air when an infected person coughs, sneezes, or speaks.
Early diagnosis and treatment are crucial for successful management of TB. Recognizing the cardinal signs and symptoms is essential for prompt medical attention.
Cardinal Signs and Symptoms:
While the symptoms of TB can vary from person to person, some common signs and symptoms often serve as warning indicators:
1. Persistent Cough: This is often the most prominent symptom. It usually lasts for more than three weeks and is often accompanied by phlegm or mucus.
2. Chest Pain: This pain may worsen when you breathe or cough.
3. Blood in Sputum: Coughing up blood, also known as hemoptysis, is a serious symptom that requires immediate medical attention.
4. Fatigue and Weakness: Feeling tired and weak is another common symptom. You may find it difficult to perform daily activities.
5. Weight Loss: Unexplained weight loss, even without trying, is a significant symptom of TB.
6. Loss of Appetite: Feeling less hungry or experiencing a loss of appetite can also be a sign of TB.
7. Fever: A low-grade fever, especially in the evenings, is another common symptom.
8. Night Sweats: Excessive sweating during the night is a notable indicator of TB.
9. Chills: Feeling cold even when others around you are comfortable can be a symptom.
10. Difficulty Breathing: Shortness of breath, or dyspnea, can indicate advanced TB infection.
When to Seek Medical Attention:
If you experience any of these symptoms, it is essential to seek immediate medical attention. Early diagnosis and treatment are crucial for preventing complications and ensuring a successful recovery.
Conclusion:
Pulmonary TB is a serious infection that can have significant consequences if left untreated. Early recognition of its cardinal signs and symptoms is critical for prompt diagnosis and treatment. If you experience any of the symptoms described above, consult a healthcare professional immediately.
